WORD-FORMATIONAL PROCESSES

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Compounding

Means, two words that have each meaning and then combined into one word that have a new meaning.

Example:

Bookcase = Book + Case

wallpaper = wall + paper

skyscraper = sky + scraper

Conversion

Means, the term used to describe a word class change without any morphological marking.

Example:

party (noun) -> party (verb)

We will be at the party

They like to party

must (verb) -> must (noun)

You must eat your soup

It is a must that you call him

Borrowing

It means that The word is imported from another language.

A few examples that illustrate the mixed vocabulary of English:

avalanche – from Romansch via French

bizarre – from Basque via French

candy – from Arabic and possibly Sanskrit via French

coffee – from Arabic via Turkish and Italian

ketchup – from Malay via Amoy Chinese

schadenfreude – from German

Clipping

Clipping is trimming words in the front or back (and sometimes both)

Examples:

    advertisement => advertisement => ad

    examination => examination = exam

    doctor => doctor = doc

    airplane => airplane => plane

    telephone => telephone => phone

    popular music => popular music => pop

    influenza => influenza => flu

Blending

Blends are combinations of two or more words in which the sound patterns overlap

Examples:

    bag + pipe = bagpipe

    smoke + fog = smog

    spoon + fork = spork

    motor + hotel = motel

Acronyms

Acronyms

Acronyms is a word made up from the first letters of the words that make up the name of something.

Examples:

    NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration)

    NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)

    Interpol (International Criminal Police Organization)

    radar (Radio Detection And Ranging)

Back-formation

Back formation is reduce the word then converted into another word class (usually a verb)

Example:

NOUN       VERB

Television        Televise

Donation          Donate